Le Havre, a short break built on concrete chic
Le Havre is celebrating its 500th anniversary, but its architectural gems are modern masterpieces built from the ashes of war – and now a world heritage site
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| Avenida Foch, Le Havre Fonte: The Guardian |
Few cities make you want to stroke their walls, but in Le Havre it’s hard to resist caressing the concrete. All but obliterated by allied bombing in the second world war, France’s second-largest port city was entirely rebuilt according to the meticulous vision of Auguste Perret, supreme master of liquid stone and tutor of Le Corbusier.
It is a place where concrete is treated with the care and attention usually given to fine timber panelling, where joints between columns and beams are expressed with the precision of carpentry, where surfaces are variously polished, bush-hammered, washed and brushed, creating tactile textures that range from gnarled rock face to lustrous velvet. Anyone yet to be convinced that concrete can be beautiful might find a weekend in Le Havre does the trick.
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| Centro Cultural Le Havre - Le Volcan (O Vulcão), inaugurado em 1982. Projeto Oscar Niemeyer |
Celebrating its 500th anniversary this year, Le Havre is promoting itself as something of an architectural hotspot, home not only to Perret’s celebrated master plan, but also as home to one of the few European projects by the great Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer in the form of Le Volcan, a swooping white volcano-shaped theatre, nicknamed the “yoghurt pot”. There are a clutch of other recent buildings in the docklands too, including a fun swimming pool and spa, Les Bains des Docks, by Jean Nouvel (only skin-tight trunks or Speedos allowed), a brooding black wedge of a naval college, and some rather grim student flats in shipping containers – the usual mixed bag of waterfront regeneration, which only serves to throw the elegance of the town centre into relief.
As one of the few modern sites to be given Unesco status, the 130-hectare centre of Le Havre stands as a hymn to the mid 20th-century faith in modular construction and prefabrication. It is a serene place of broad avenues lined with slender colonnades of tapering columns, supporting finely proportioned blocks of apartments above, in shades of cream, terracotta and ochre. Look closely and you’ll spot the attention to detail, like the faceted geometric column capitals which vary from street to street, and the careful concrete panelling – echoing skirting boards, dado rails and wainscoting – that lines the buildings’ entrances. (Continua)
Unesco reconhece a Pampulha como Patrimônio Mundial da Humanidade
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(...) Encomendado pelo então prefeito de Belo Horizonte Juscelino Kubitschek ao arquiteto Oscar Niemeyer, o conjunto modernista também contou com Roberto Burle Marx, que assina o paisagismo, e Candido Portinari, autor do painel externo de azulejos da Igreja de São Francisco de Assis, que é um dos principais cartões-postais de Minas Gerais, lembra o ministério.
Também participaram do projeto original o engenheiro Joaquim Cardozo e os artistas Paulo Werneck, Alfredo Ceschiatti, August Zamoyski e José Pedrosa. Construído nos primeiros anos da década de 40, o conjunto antecipa conceitos arquitetônicos que viriam a ser aplicados anos mais tarde na construção de Brasília.
O valor dos edifícios é reconhecido por suas inovações. "O Conjunto Moderno da Pampulha é uma referência na arquitetura mundial pela utilização do concreto armado, que ainda não havia sido utilizado em construções semelhantes. Causou assim um impacto no mundo inteiro", acrescenta Leonardo Castriota, professor de arquitetura da UFMG e presidente do Conselho Internacional de Monumentos e Sítios no Brasil (Icomos), órgão que assessora e dá pareceres à Unesco.
Compõem o Conjunto Moderno da Pampulha a paisagem que se forma com a integração entre a Lagoa da Pampulha e sua orla, os jardins de Burle Marx, a Igreja de São Francisco de Assis, o antigo Cassino (atual Museu de Arte da Pampulha), a Casa do Baile (atualmente Centro de Referência em Urbanismo, Arquitetura e Design de Belo Horizonte), o Iate Golfe Clube (atual Iate Tênis Clube) e a Praça Dalva Simão (antiga Santa Rosa). (Continua)
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| Fonte: Internet* |
